PostgreSQL, often referred to as Postgres, is a powerful open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) known for its scalability, robustness, and extensibility. It offers advanced features like ACID compliance, support for complex data types, and support for both SQL and NoSQL data. PostgreSQL is highly regarded for its performance, security, and reliability, making it a popular choice for applications ranging from small startups to large enterprises. Its active developer community continuously enhances and maintains the software. PostgreSQL is an excellent choice for data storage, analysis, and management in various domains, including web applications, data warehousing, and geospatial applications.
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Practice Test
91. What is the default authentication method for PostgreSQL?
A. md5
B. trust
C. password
D. peer
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Answer: md5
92. Which PostgreSQL authentication method allows access without a password but is restricted to local connections on Unix-like systems?
A. peer
B. md5
C. trust
D. scram-sha-256
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Answer: peer
93. What is the purpose of the "pg_hba.conf" file in PostgreSQL?
A. To define access control rules for client connections
B. To store user passwords
C. To log database queries
D. To define table schemas
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Answer: To define access control rules for client connections
94. What does the "trust" authentication method in PostgreSQL do?
A. Allows access without requiring a password
B. Enforces strong password requirements
C. Encrypts data during transmission
D. Requires multi-factor authentication
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Answer: Allows access without requiring a password
95. In PostgreSQL, what is the purpose of the "scram-sha-256" authentication method?
A. To provide a secure and password-based authentication method
B. To store user passwords in plaintext
C. To log user activity
D. To enforce SSL/TLS encryption
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Answer: To provide a secure and password-based authentication method
96. What is the primary role of the "role" concept in PostgreSQL's role-based access control system?
A. To define user accounts and their privileges
B. To create new databases
C. To manage data storage
D. To control query optimization
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Answer: To define user accounts and their privileges
97. What is a "superuser" in PostgreSQL, and what privileges does it have?
A. A user with all privileges, including the ability to perform administrative tasks
B. A user with limited access to specific tables
C. A user with read-only access to the database
D. A user with no privileges
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Answer: A user with all privileges, including the ability to perform administrative tasks
98. What is the purpose of PostgreSQL's "GRANT" and "REVOKE" statements in the context of security?
A. To assign or remove privileges on database objects to/from roles
B. To create new tables
C. To modify user passwords
D. To log user activity
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Answer: To assign or remove privileges on database objects to/from roles
99. What is SSL/TLS encryption used for in PostgreSQL security?
A. To encrypt data transmission between the client and server
B. To encrypt data at rest
C. To encrypt user passwords
D. To create user accounts
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Answer: To encrypt data transmission between the client and server
100. What is the "pgcrypto" extension in PostgreSQL used for?
A. To provide cryptographic functions for data encryption and decryption
B. To create new databases
C. To enforce strong password requirements
D. To optimize query performance
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Answer: To provide cryptographic functions for data encryption and decryption
